Hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state

Characterized by:

• Marked hyperglycemia
  • Plasma glucose >600 mg/dL
• Minimal acidosis
  • Venous pH >7.25 or Arterial >7.3, and
  • Serum bicarb >15 mmol/L
• Absent to mild ketosis
• Marked elevation in serum osmolality (effective osmolality >320 mOsm/kg)

Associated with more severe dehydration & a higher frequency of complications than is typical DKA